100+ Quality Assurance Interview Questions and Answers

Chromatography is a laboratory technique used to separate and analyze mixtures of chemicals.

• It involves passing a mixture through a stationary phase, which separates the components based on their properties.

• The separated components can then be identified and analyzed.

• There are different types of chromatography, including gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, and ion exchange chromatography.

• Chromatography is commonly used in chemistry, biochemistry, and forensic science.

Medical coding involves assigning alphanumeric codes to medical diagnoses, procedures, and services for billing and insurance purposes.

• Medical coding involves assigning codes to diagnoses (ICD-10-CM), procedures (CPT), and services (HCPCS)

• Largest organ in the body is the skin

• Endocrine system includes glands like the pituitary, thyroid, and adrenal glands

• Reproductive system includes organs like the ovaries, uterus, and testes

• Types of body systems include respiratory, cardiovas...read more

String builder is not synchronized, while String buffer is synchronized.

• String builder is faster than String buffer because it is not synchronized.

• String buffer is thread-safe, while String builder is not.

• String builder is preferred for single-threaded applications, while String buffer is preferred for multi-threaded applications.

Bug life cycle refers to the stages a bug goes through from identification to resolution.

• Bug is identified by QA team or users

• Bug is reported in a bug tracking system

• Bug is assigned to a developer for fixing

• Developer fixes the bug

• Bug is retested by QA team

• If bug is fixed, it is closed. If not, it is reopened

• Bug may go through multiple cycles before being resolved

The number of test cases for a login page depends on various factors such as functionality, user roles, error handling, and security measures.

• Consider positive test cases for successful login with valid credentials

• Include negative test cases for invalid credentials, blank fields, and incorrect password

• Test different user roles and permissions

• Verify error messages and handling for various scenarios

• Test security measures like account lockout after multiple failed attempts

Tablet is a solid dosage form of medication. HPLC is a technique used for separating and analyzing compounds. Titration is a method used to determine the concentration of a substance in a solution.

• Tablet is a pharmaceutical dosage form that contains a mixture of active substances and excipients compressed into a solid form.

• HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) is a technique used in analytical chemistry to separate, identify, and quantify compounds in a mixture.

• Titrat...read more

We use a Zeiss Contura G2 CMM machine for precision measurements.

• Zeiss Contura G2 is a popular CMM machine known for its accuracy and reliability

• It is equipped with advanced software for data analysis and reporting

• The machine has a measuring range of X=700mm, Y=1000mm, Z=600mm

• It is used for inspecting complex parts in industries like automotive, aerospace, and medical devices

I have used various fea solvers in my previous roles.

• ANSYS

• ABAQUS

• Nastran

• LS-DYNA

• OpenFOAM

DOF stands for Degrees of Freedom and refers to the number of independent variables in an element.

• 1D elements have 2 DOF, typically displacement in x and rotation about x

• 2D elements have 3 DOF, typically displacement in x and y, and rotation about z

• 3D elements have 6 DOF, typically displacement in x, y, and z, and rotation about x, y, and z

I am familiar with handling various instruments used in quality assurance.

• I have experience with using calipers, micrometers, and gauges to measure dimensions of products.

• I am proficient in using spectrophotometers to analyze color and appearance of products.

• I am familiar with using force gauges to measure the strength and durability of products.

• I have also worked with various software programs used in quality assurance such as Minitab and JMP.

Data Integrity refers to the accuracy and consistency of data throughout its lifecycle. ALCOA is a set of principles for ensuring data integrity.

• Data Integrity ensures that data is accurate, complete, and reliable.

• ALCOA stands for Attributable, Legible, Contemporaneous, Original, and Accurate.

• Attributable - All data should be attributable to the person who created or modified it.

• Legible - Data should be clear and easy to read.

• Contemporaneous - Data should be recorded at the t...read more

CMM stands for Capability Maturity Model.

• CMM is a framework used to assess and improve the maturity of an organization's processes.

• It was developed by the Software Engineering Institute (SEI) at Carnegie Mellon University.

• CMM consists of five levels, each representing a different level of process maturity.

• Organizations can use CMM to identify areas for improvement and establish a roadmap for process enhancement.

• Example: A software development company can use CMM to evaluate a...read more

I have 5 years of experience in quality assurance of rubber products, ensuring they meet industry standards and customer requirements.

• Conducted regular quality inspections on rubber products to identify defects and ensure compliance with specifications

• Implemented quality control measures to improve product consistency and reliability

• Collaborated with production team to address quality issues and implement corrective actions

• Utilized testing equipment and tools to measure produ...read more

Four stroke and two stroke are types of internal combustion engines with different cycles of operation.

• Four stroke engines have four stages: intake, compression, power, and exhaust.

• Two stroke engines have only two stages: compression and power/exhaust.

• Four stroke engines are more fuel efficient and produce less pollution compared to two stroke engines.

• Examples: Four stroke - car engines, motorcycle engines. Two stroke - chainsaws, lawnmowers.

The cost of poor quality can be significant and should be monitored daily.

• Poor quality can result in increased rework, scrap, and customer complaints.

• Costs associated with poor quality can include lost revenue, decreased productivity, and increased liability.

• Daily monitoring can help identify and address quality issues before they become more costly.

• Investing in quality improvement initiatives can ultimately save money in the long run.

Artifacts in agile methodology are tangible by-products of the development process that provide documentation and information for the team.

• Artifacts include user stories, product backlog, sprint backlog, burndown charts, and release plans.

• They help in communication, planning, and tracking progress throughout the project.

• Examples of artifacts are wireframes, prototypes, test cases, and design documents.

• Artifacts are essential for transparency and collaboration within the agile...read more

The number of instruments currently operating is 10.

• There are 10 instruments currently operating.

• The instruments include X-ray machines, blood analyzers, and ultrasound devices.

• Each instrument is being used for different quality assurance tests.

Test cases for ATM machine using traceability matrix

• Test case 1: Verify if the ATM machine accepts valid card and PIN combination

• Test case 2: Verify if the ATM machine rejects invalid card and PIN combination

• Test case 3: Verify if the ATM machine dispenses correct amount of cash requested

• Test case 4: Verify if the ATM machine displays proper error message for insufficient funds

• Test case 5: Verify if the ATM machine logs transaction details correctly

Quality documents prepared for IATF audit include process flow charts, control plans, FMEAs, and work instructions.

• Process flow charts show the sequence of steps in a process

• Control plans outline the controls in place to ensure quality

• FMEAs identify potential failure modes and their effects

• Work instructions provide detailed instructions for performing tasks

• Other documents may include inspection records, corrective action reports, and training records

Vernier caliper is a measuring tool used to measure the length, diameter, and thickness of objects.

• It has two jaws, one fixed and one movable, which can be adjusted to fit the object being measured.

• It has a main scale and a vernier scale, which allows for precise measurements.

• It can measure both internal and external dimensions.

• It is commonly used in engineering, machining, and woodworking.

• Example: measuring the diameter of a bolt or the thickness of a sheet of metal.

Regression testing is the process of retesting a software application to ensure that new code changes have not adversely affected existing functionality.

• Repeating test cases that have been previously executed to verify that the unchanged parts of the software still perform as expected

• Ensuring that new code changes have not introduced any new bugs or issues

• Automating regression tests to save time and effort in retesting

• Commonly used in Agile development to maintain the quality...read more

Adhoc testing is informal testing without any predefined test cases or plans.

• Adhoc testing is performed randomly without any specific guidelines or documentation.

• It is usually done to explore the application and find defects that may not be covered in regular testing.

• Adhoc testing is not structured and is often performed by experienced testers who can think outside the box.

• Examples of adhoc testing include randomly clicking on buttons, entering unexpected data, and testing di...read more

Functional testing is a type of software testing that focuses on verifying that the software functions correctly according to the specified requirements.

• Tests the functionality of the software

• Verifies that the software behaves as expected

• Does not concern itself with the internal structure of the software

• Examples include testing user interfaces, APIs, databases, and integrations

Test cases for attachments in Gmail

• Verify that attachments can be added to an email

• Check that different file types (e.g. PDF, Word, Excel) can be attached

• Ensure that there is a limit on the size of attachments

• Confirm that attachments can be downloaded and opened successfully

• Test that attachments are displayed correctly in the email body

A diode is a semiconductor device that allows current to flow in one direction only.

• Diodes are made of semiconductor materials such as silicon or germanium.

• They have two terminals - an anode and a cathode.

• When a positive voltage is applied to the anode and a negative voltage to the cathode, the diode conducts electricity.

• Diodes are commonly used in rectifiers, voltage regulators, and signal demodulation.

• Examples of diodes include light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and Schottky diod...read more

The == operator checks for reference equality, while the equals method checks for value equality in strings.

• Use == to check if two string variables refer to the same object in memory.

• Use equals() method to check if two string variables have the same sequence of characters.

• Example: String str1 = "hello"; String str2 = "hello"; str1 == str2 will return false, but str1.equals(str2) will return true.

To select the 3rd highest salary from the employee table, you can use a SQL query with the 'LIMIT' and 'OFFSET' keywords.

• Use a SQL query like 'SELECT salary FROM employee ORDER BY salary DESC LIMIT 1 OFFSET 2' to get the 3rd highest salary.

• The 'ORDER BY' clause sorts the salaries in descending order, 'LIMIT 1' limits the result to 1 row, and 'OFFSET 2' skips the first two rows.

• Make sure to adjust the 'OFFSET' value if you want to find the nth highest salary.

Game testing is the process of evaluating a game's functionality, performance, and user experience.

• Game testing involves identifying and reporting bugs and glitches

• It also includes testing game mechanics and balancing

• Game testers may also evaluate the game's story, characters, and overall design

• Examples of game testing include alpha and beta testing, as well as focus group testing

Smoke test is a preliminary test to check if the basic functionalities of a software application are working properly.

• Smoke test is a quick and shallow test that focuses on the major functionalities of the software.

• It is performed to ensure that the critical features of the application are functioning as expected.

• Smoke test is usually executed after a new build or deployment to identify any major issues before proceeding with further testing.

• It helps in identifying showstoppe...read more

To grow quality in our product, we can focus on continuous improvement, customer feedback, employee training, and using quality tools.

• Implement a continuous improvement process to identify and address areas for enhancement

• Collect and analyze customer feedback to understand their needs and preferences

• Provide regular training for employees to ensure they have the skills and knowledge to produce high-quality products

• Utilize quality tools such as Six Sigma, Lean Manufacturing, an...read more

Analytical chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the analysis of substances to determine their composition and properties.

• Analytical chemistry involves techniques such as spectroscopy, chromatography, and mass spectrometry.

• It is used to identify and quantify the components of a sample, as well as to determine its purity.

• Examples include testing the concentration of pollutants in water, analyzing the composition of pharmaceutical drugs, and determining the nutri...read more

Gas chromatography is a technique used to separate and analyze compounds in a gas mixture.

• Gas chromatography involves a sample being vaporized and injected into a column with a stationary phase.

• Compounds in the sample interact differently with the stationary phase, causing them to separate based on their properties.

• The separated compounds are then detected and identified based on their retention times.

• Gas chromatography is commonly used in analytical chemistry for qualitative...read more

Test Input Document (TID) and Test Task Document (TTD) are documents used in Quality Assurance to outline testing requirements and tasks.

• TID (Test Input Document) outlines the testing requirements, including test scenarios, test cases, and expected results.

• TTD (Test Task Document) outlines the specific tasks to be performed during testing, including who will perform each task and when it will be completed.

Risk analysis matrix is a tool used to identify, assess and prioritize risks based on their likelihood and impact.

• It helps in identifying potential risks and their impact on the project or organization

• It assesses the likelihood of the risk occurring and the severity of its impact

• It prioritizes risks based on their level of severity and helps in developing a risk management plan

• It is often represented in a matrix format with likelihood and impact as the two axes

• Example: A risk...read more

Investigate OOS by following a systematic approach and identifying the root cause.

• Review the testing procedure and ensure it was followed correctly.

• Check for any equipment malfunction or calibration issues.

• Investigate the possibility of sample contamination.

• Evaluate the possibility of human error.

• Identify the root cause and take corrective actions to prevent future occurrences.

Yes, I am interested in abec company.

• I have researched abec company and find their work fascinating.

• I am eager to learn more about abec company and their products/services.

• I believe my skills and experience align well with the goals of abec company.

Severity refers to the impact of a defect on the system, while priority refers to the urgency of fixing the defect.

• Severity is the measure of how much a defect affects the system's functionality.

• Priority is the measure of how soon a defect needs to be fixed.

• Severity is usually categorized as low, medium, or high.

• Priority is usually categorized as low, medium, or high.

• For example, a spelling mistake in a button label may have low severity but high priority if it affects user u...read more

I am choosing testing because I enjoy finding and fixing bugs to ensure high-quality software.

• I have a keen eye for detail and enjoy problem-solving

• I understand the importance of delivering high-quality software to end-users

• I have experience in testing and have seen the positive impact it can have on a project

• I enjoy working collaboratively with developers to ensure bugs are fixed and software is improved

• Testing allows me to continuously learn and improve my skills

Dosing activities can be obtained through proper planning and execution of drug administration protocols.

• Develop clear dosing guidelines based on patient characteristics and medication type

• Ensure proper training and education of healthcare staff on dosing protocols

• Implement regular monitoring and documentation of dosing activities

• Utilize technology such as electronic prescribing and medication administration records

• Collaborate with pharmacists and other healthcare professiona...read more

QMS related to quality testing involves implementing processes and procedures to ensure products meet quality standards.

• QMS (Quality Management System) is a set of policies, processes, and procedures required for planning and execution in the core business area of an organization.

• Quality testing involves evaluating the product against specified requirements to ensure it meets quality standards.

• QMS related to quality testing helps in identifying defects early in the developmen...read more

There are various types of testing such as functional, performance, security, etc. Domain knowledge is essential for effective testing.

• Functional testing ensures that the software meets the specified requirements

• Performance testing checks the system's response time, scalability, and stability

• Security testing identifies vulnerabilities and ensures data protection

• Usability testing evaluates the user-friendliness of the software

• Domain knowledge helps in understanding the busines...read more

Change control is a process used to ensure that changes to a system are implemented in a controlled and systematic manner.

• Change control involves documenting and tracking changes to a system or process.

• It typically includes a formal review process to assess the impact of proposed changes.

• Change control helps prevent unauthorized changes and ensures that changes are properly tested before implementation.

7 QC tools are a set of basic statistical tools used for quality control and improvement. W1S is not a recognized term in quality assurance.

• 7 QC tools include Pareto chart, cause-and-effect diagram, check sheet, control chart, histogram, scatter diagram, and flowchart.

• These tools help in identifying and solving quality-related issues in a systematic manner.

• W1S does not have a standard meaning in quality assurance practices.

Writing XPath for elements on the Nike web application

• Use Chrome Developer Tools to inspect elements and generate XPath

• Consider using unique attributes like class, id, or data-testid for more reliable XPath

• Avoid using absolute XPath as it can be brittle and prone to breaking with changes in the DOM

MSA and SPC are statistical tools used in Quality Assurance.

• MSA (Measurement System Analysis) is used to evaluate the measurement system's ability to provide accurate and precise data.

• SPC (Statistical Process Control) is used to monitor and control a process by analyzing data and identifying trends or patterns.

• MSA involves analyzing the measurement system's accuracy, precision, linearity, stability, and repeatability.

• SPC involves using control charts to monitor a process and ...read more

Validation, HVAC, and qualification are all important concepts in quality assurance.

• Validation is the process of ensuring that a product or system meets its intended use and requirements.

• HVAC stands for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning, and is important in maintaining a controlled environment for certain products or processes.

• Qualification is the process of demonstrating that equipment or systems are suitable for their intended use.

• Validation and qualification are o...read more

Quality production can save man power by reducing errors and rework.

• Implementing quality control measures can help identify and rectify errors early on, reducing the need for additional manpower to fix them later.

• By ensuring that products meet quality standards, there is less likelihood of defects or failures, resulting in reduced manpower required for repairs or replacements.

• Quality production reduces the need for extensive inspection and rework, saving time and manpower.

• Eff...read more