1000+ Engineer Interview Questions and Answers

Spark is faster than MapReduce due to in-memory processing and DAG execution.

• Spark uses DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph) execution while MapReduce uses batch processing.

• Spark performs in-memory processing while MapReduce writes to disk after each operation.

• Spark has a more flexible programming model with support for multiple languages.

• Spark has built-in libraries for machine learning, graph processing, and stream processing.

• MapReduce is better suited for batch processing of large...read more

Yes, I have a good understanding of engineering drawings.

• I am familiar with different types of engineering drawings such as mechanical, electrical, and architectural drawings.

• I can interpret and analyze engineering drawings to understand the design and specifications of a product or structure.

• I am proficient in reading and interpreting symbols, dimensions, and annotations on engineering drawings.

• I have experience using CAD software to create and modify engineering drawings.

• I ...read more

Electrical conduit can be inserted in Hollow Block masonry by using appropriate tools and techniques.

• Use a hammer drill with a masonry bit to create holes in the hollow blocks for the conduit to pass through.

• Insert the conduit into the holes and secure it in place with appropriate fasteners such as conduit clips or straps.

• Make sure the conduit is properly aligned and level before securing it in place.

• Seal any gaps around the conduit with appropriate sealant to prevent moistur...read more

The area of a circle with radius 8 is 201.06 square units.

• Use the formula A = πr^2

• Substitute r = 8

• Calculate A = π(8)^2 = 201.06

Sintering is a process of compacting and forming a solid mass of material by heat or pressure without melting it.

• Advantages of sintering include increased strength, improved electrical conductivity, and reduced porosity.

• My key responsibility is to oversee the sintering process and ensure that it is carried out efficiently and safely.

• My biggest achievement in sintering was developing a new sintering technique that reduced production time by 30% while maintaining product qualit...read more

My areas of improvement include communication skills, time management, and technical knowledge.

• Improving my communication skills by actively participating in team meetings and presentations.

• Enhancing my time management skills by prioritizing tasks and setting realistic deadlines.

• Continuously updating my technical knowledge by attending workshops and pursuing certifications.

Circuit diagrams for RDOL, Delta Connection in Motors & Star Delta Starter.

• RDOL circuit diagram includes a DOL starter with a relay for overload protection.

• Delta connection in motors is a three-phase connection where the ends of each phase are connected to form a closed loop.

• Star delta starter is used to reduce the starting current of a motor by initially connecting the motor in star configuration and then switching to delta configuration.

• Star delta starter circuit diagram in...read more

Linux kernel is popular for its open-source nature, stability, security, and flexibility. Compiling it allows customization and optimization.

• Linux kernel is widely used due to its open-source nature, allowing for customization and collaboration.

• It is known for its stability, security, and flexibility, making it a preferred choice for many developers and organizations.

• Compiling the Linux kernel involves configuring the kernel options, building the kernel image, and installing ...read more

Cement is a binding material used in construction. It is made by heating limestone and clay in a kiln.

• Cement is a fine powder that hardens when mixed with water.

• It is used to bind materials like sand, gravel, and bricks together to form concrete.

• The manufacturing process involves heating limestone and clay in a kiln at high temperatures to form clinker.

• The clinker is then ground into a fine powder and mixed with gypsum to create cement.

• Different types of cement are produced b...read more

I follow a structured approach to new process development, ensuring thorough analysis, testing, and implementation.

• Conduct a needs assessment to identify the problem or opportunity for improvement.

• Research existing processes and technologies to gather insights and best practices.

• Develop a detailed project plan outlining objectives, timelines, and resources required.

• Prototype the new process and conduct pilot testing to evaluate its effectiveness.

• Gather feedback from stakehold...read more

C code can be generated in MATLAB using the MATLAB Coder app or by using the 'codegen' function.

• MATLAB Coder app allows users to generate C code from MATLAB code

• The 'codegen' function can be used to generate C code programmatically

• Generated C code can be optimized for specific hardware platforms

• C code can be integrated with other programming languages or software tools

• Example: codegen myFunction -args {arg1,arg2} -config:lib -report

The fitting used in i/c oh 900×700mm DI pipe line depends on the specific requirements of the project.

• The type of fluid being transported through the pipeline

• The pressure and temperature of the fluid

• The location and accessibility of the pipeline

• The budget and timeline of the project

• Common fittings used in DI pipelines include flanges, couplings, and valves

We use electromagnetic relays in our plant.

• Electromagnetic relays are commonly used in industrial applications.

• They use an electromagnet to control the switching mechanism.

• These relays are reliable and have a long lifespan.

• Examples of electromagnetic relays include power relays and control relays.

Brittle materials fracture easily under stress, while ductile materials can be stretched and deformed without breaking.

• Brittle materials have low tensile strength and high compressive strength.

• Ductile materials have high tensile strength and low compressive strength.

• Examples of brittle materials include glass, ceramics, and cast iron.

• Examples of ductile materials include copper, aluminum, and steel.

• Brittle materials are more likely to fail suddenly and catastrophically, while...read more

I have faced problems in process flow and implemented solutions.

• Lack of communication between team members

• Equipment breakdowns

• Inadequate training of staff

• Poor planning and scheduling

• Implemented regular team meetings to improve communication

• Scheduled regular maintenance of equipment

• Provided additional training to staff

• Improved planning and scheduling processes

Virtual functions are functions that can be overridden in derived classes. Access modifiers control the visibility and accessibility of class members.

• Virtual functions allow a derived class to provide its own implementation of a function defined in the base class.

• Access modifiers include public, private, and protected, and determine the accessibility of class members.

• Public members are accessible from anywhere, private members are only accessible within the class, and protect...read more

When a null pointer is dereferenced, it leads to a segmentation fault or access violation, causing the program to crash.

• Dereferencing a null pointer means trying to access the memory location pointed by the null pointer.

• This results in a segmentation fault or access violation, as the null pointer does not point to a valid memory address.

• The operating system detects the illegal memory access and terminates the program to prevent further issues.

• The stack and memory remain unaff...read more

GPON technology is a type of passive optical network that uses fiber-optic cables to deliver high-speed internet, TV, and phone services.

• GPON stands for Gigabit Passive Optical Network

• It uses a point-to-multipoint architecture, where a single optical fiber serves multiple users

• GPON architecture includes an Optical Line Terminal (OLT) at the service provider's central office and Optical Network Terminals (ONTs) at the customer premises

• Data is transmitted using time-division mu...read more

Consumption order settlement in SAP involves closing the order by settling the costs incurred against it.

• Navigate to the settlement transaction in SAP (e.g. KO88 for order settlement)

• Enter the order number and select the relevant parameters for settlement

• Review and confirm the settlement to close the consumption order

Yes, I am highly proficient in both Ms Excel and PowerPoint.

• I have extensive experience in creating and editing spreadsheets in Excel, including using formulas and macros.

• I am skilled in creating visually appealing and effective presentations in PowerPoint, including using animations and multimedia.

• I am also familiar with integrating Excel data into PowerPoint presentations.

• I am always eager to learn new features and techniques in both programs to improve my productivity and ...read more

APQP consists of five phases, with PPAP being submitted in the fourth phase.

• APQP stands for Advanced Product Quality Planning.

• The five phases of APQP are: Planning and Program Definition, Product Design and Development, Process Design and Development, Product and Process Validation, and Launch, Feedback, Assessment, and Corrective Action.

• PPAP stands for Production Part Approval Process.

• PPAP is submitted in the fourth phase of APQP, which is the Product and Process Validation ...read more

PPAP submission is the final phase of APQP.

• PPAP submission is the final step in the APQP process.

• It involves submitting a Production Part Approval Process (PPAP) to the customer.

• PPAP includes documentation and samples that demonstrate the product meets customer requirements.

• PPAP submission is necessary before production can begin.

• PPAP submission is a critical step in ensuring product quality and customer satisfaction.

Common defects in injection molding process include flash, sink marks, warping, and short shots.

• Flash: Excess material that escapes from the mold cavity and forms a thin layer on the parting line.

• Sink marks: Indentations or depressions on the surface of the molded part caused by uneven cooling or shrinkage.

• Warping: Distortion or bending of the molded part due to uneven cooling or internal stresses.

• Short shots: Incomplete filling of the mold cavity resulting in a part with mis...read more

We used the Angular framework for our web application.

• We chose Angular because of its robustness and ease of use.

• It allowed us to create a single-page application with dynamic content.

• We also utilized Angular Material for UI components.

• We followed the MVC architecture pattern for our codebase.

Instruments are measured using appropriate units such as meters, grams, volts, etc.

• Identify the instrument being measured

• Determine the appropriate unit of measurement (e.g. meters, grams, volts)

• Use the correct measuring tool (ruler, scale, voltmeter) to obtain the measurement

• Record the measurement accurately for future reference

The rolling margin method is a technique used in engineering to calculate the margin of safety in structural design.

• The rolling margin method involves calculating the margin of safety by considering the load and resistance factors.

• It is commonly used in the design of reinforced concrete structures.

• The margin of safety is calculated by dividing the available strength by the required strength.

• The unit weight of steel bar varies depending on its diameter, with larger diameter ba...read more

Preventive maintenance is scheduled maintenance performed on a regular basis to prevent breakdowns, while predictive maintenance uses data and analytics to predict when equipment will fail.

• Preventive maintenance is scheduled at regular intervals to prevent breakdowns.

• Predictive maintenance uses data and analytics to predict when equipment will fail.

• Preventive maintenance is time-based, while predictive maintenance is condition-based.

• Preventive maintenance is often less costly...read more

Corrective action is taken to address an existing issue, while preventive action is taken to avoid potential issues in the future.

• Corrective action is reactive, addressing problems that have already occurred.

• Preventive action is proactive, aiming to prevent problems from happening in the first place.

• Corrective action focuses on fixing the root cause of a problem.

• Preventive action focuses on identifying and eliminating potential causes of problems before they occur.

• Examples: C...read more

The toolroom is typically organized in a hierarchical structure with a manager overseeing toolmakers and machinists.

• Typically led by a Toolroom Manager who oversees the operations

• Toolmakers and machinists report to the Toolroom Manager

• May have specialized teams for different types of tools or machinery

• Collaborates closely with engineering and production departments

Yes, I know how to set IP in a laptop or PC.

• To set IP in a laptop or PC, go to the network settings.

• Click on 'Change adapter options' or 'Network and Sharing Center'.

• Right-click on the network adapter and select 'Properties'.

• Double-click on 'Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4)'.

• Choose 'Use the following IP address' and enter the desired IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server.

• Click 'OK' to save the changes.

Handling critical situations in customer requirements requires clear communication, problem-solving skills, and prioritization.

• Listen carefully to the customer's concerns and needs

• Identify the root cause of the issue

• Collaborate with the team to come up with a solution

• Prioritize the most critical aspects of the requirement

• Communicate clearly and transparently with the customer throughout the process

• Test and validate the solution before delivering it to the customer

Yes, I have a background in mechatronics which gives me a unique perspective on engineering challenges.

• My mechatronics background allows me to approach problems from a multidisciplinary perspective.

• I have experience working with mechanical, electrical, and software systems, which gives me a broad skillset.

• For example, I have designed and built a robotic arm that required knowledge of mechanical design, control systems, and programming.

• My mechatronics background also means tha...read more

I achieved significant results in my previous engineering projects.

• Developed a new software system that increased efficiency by 30%

• Reduced production costs by implementing a new manufacturing process

• Improved product quality by implementing rigorous testing procedures

I implemented data structures like arrays, linked lists, and trees. Followed coding standards like naming conventions and code documentation.

• Implemented arrays for efficient storage and access of data

• Utilized linked lists for dynamic memory allocation and insertion/deletion operations

• Implemented trees for hierarchical data representation

• Followed naming conventions like camelCase for variables and functions

• Documented code using comments for better readability and maintainabili...read more

Power can be converted and matched to grid parameters using power converters and control systems.

• Use power converters such as inverters to convert power from DC to AC or vice versa.

• Implement control systems to ensure the converted power matches the grid parameters.

• Adjust parameters such as voltage, frequency, and phase angle to match the grid requirements.

• Utilize communication protocols like Modbus or DNP3 for grid integration.

• Perform testing and validation to ensure complian...read more

CBM stands for Condition-Based Maintenance and TBM stands for Tunnel Boring Machine.

• CBM is a maintenance strategy that uses real-time data to determine the condition of equipment and schedule maintenance accordingly.

• TBM is a machine used to excavate tunnels with a circular cross-section through a variety of soil and rock strata.

• MTTR (Mean Time to Repair) is the average time required to repair a failed component or system.

• MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures) is the average time b...read more

Designing a cast exhaust elbow requires a systematic approach and attention to detail.

• Determine the material to be used for the cast

• Analyze the exhaust system to determine the required dimensions and angles

• Create a 3D model of the exhaust elbow using CAD software

• Design the mold for the casting process

• Perform simulations to ensure the design meets performance requirements

• Test the prototype to verify performance and make necessary adjustments

I would rate myself as an 8 in Embedded Systems. I have extensive experience working with microcontrollers and developing firmware.

• Extensive experience with microcontrollers

• Proficient in developing firmware

• Knowledge of hardware-software integration

• Experience with real-time operating systems

• Familiarity with communication protocols like SPI, I2C, UART

The module used for preparation of invoice in SAP is Sales and Distribution (SD) module.

• Sales and Distribution (SD) module is used for invoicing in SAP

• It allows creation of sales orders, delivery notes, and invoices

• SD module integrates with other modules like Finance and Controlling (FI/CO)

• It also allows customization of invoice templates and billing plans

Different types of alarms in Tejas equipments include power alarms, temperature alarms, and communication alarms.

• Power alarms: indicate issues with power supply or voltage levels

• Temperature alarms: alert when equipment temperature exceeds safe limits

• Communication alarms: signal problems with data transmission or network connectivity

Functional testing ensures that the software functions as intended, while non-functional testing focuses on performance, usability, and security.

• Functional testing checks if the software meets the specified requirements.

• Non-functional testing evaluates aspects like performance, scalability, reliability, and security.

• Examples of functional testing include unit testing, integration testing, and system testing.

• Examples of non-functional testing include load testing, stress testi...read more

I have experience with various types of testing including unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and regression testing.

• Unit testing: Testing individual components or functions of the software in isolation.

• Integration testing: Testing how different components work together.

• System testing: Testing the entire system as a whole.

• Regression testing: Testing to ensure that new code changes do not adversely affect existing functionality.

I apply my training by integrating learned concepts into daily tasks, enhancing efficiency and problem-solving in engineering projects.

• Utilized project management tools learned in training to streamline team collaboration, resulting in a 20% increase in project delivery speed.

• Implemented data analysis techniques from training to optimize resource allocation, reducing costs by 15% in recent projects.

• Applied advanced engineering principles to troubleshoot and resolve design iss...read more

Yes, I am ready to sign the contract and understand the terms of potential termination.

• I am willing to sign the contract and accept the terms of potential termination.

• I understand that employment contracts often include clauses for termination at any time.

• I am confident in my abilities and performance to mitigate the risk of being fired.

• I am committed to fulfilling my responsibilities and contributing positively to the team.

TestNG uses annotations to identify and execute test methods without a main method.

• TestNG uses annotations such as @Test, @BeforeMethod, @AfterMethod, etc. to identify test methods.

• These annotations are then executed by TestNG's test runner.

• TestNG also provides features such as grouping, parameterization, and dependency management for tests.

• Example: @Test annotation identifies a method as a test method and @BeforeMethod annotation identifies a method to be executed before eac...read more

A Schmitt trigger/inverter is a circuit that converts a noisy input signal into a clean digital output signal.

• It has two threshold voltage levels: a high threshold and a low threshold

• The output of the circuit changes state only when the input voltage crosses one of the threshold levels

• It is commonly used in digital circuits to clean up noisy signals and to provide hysteresis

• Examples include debouncing switches, signal conditioning, and waveform shaping

Interference is the phenomenon where two or more waves combine to form a resultant wave, resulting in constructive or destructive interference.

• Interference occurs when waves meet and interact with each other.

• Constructive interference happens when the peaks of two waves align, resulting in a larger amplitude.

• Destructive interference occurs when the peaks of one wave align with the troughs of another, resulting in a smaller amplitude.

• Interference can be observed in various fiel...read more