10+ Synopsys Interview Questions and Answers for Freshers

Verilog code for d-ff

• Declare input and output ports

• Use always block to implement the functionality

• Use non-blocking assignment for output

• Use blocking assignment for clock and reset

References are necessary when passing large objects to functions or when returning objects from functions.

• When passing large objects to functions

• When returning objects from functions

• When working with complex data structures

• When implementing operator overloading

• When working with polymorphism

Const pointers should be declared in the same scope as the variable they point to.

• Declaring const pointers in the same scope as the variable they point to ensures that the pointer cannot be used to modify the variable.

• If the pointer is only used within a function, it should be declared within that function.

• If the pointer is used across multiple functions, it should be declared in a header file or at the top of the source file.

• Examples: const int* ptr = &variable; const MyClas...read more

References and pointers are both used to refer to memory locations, but references cannot be null and cannot be reseated.

• Pointers can be null or uninitialized

• Pointers can be reseated to point to a different memory location

• References are automatically dereferenced

• References cannot be used with arrays

• Pointers can be used with arrays

Copy constructor with pointers creates a new object by copying the values of the existing object's pointers.

• Copy constructor is used to create a new object from an existing object.

• Pointers in the new object point to the same memory locations as the original object.

• Deep copy should be used to avoid shallow copy issues.

new and malloc are used for dynamic memory allocation in C++ and C respectively.

• new is an operator in C++ while malloc is a function in C.

• new automatically calls the constructor while malloc does not.

• new returns a pointer to the object while malloc returns a void pointer.

• new throws an exception if allocation fails while malloc returns NULL.

• new can be overloaded while malloc cannot be.

• new and delete are used together while malloc and free are used together.

Verilog code to divide frequency of a 100hz square wave signal with 50% duty cycle by 3.

• Create a counter that counts up to 3 and resets back to 0

• Use the counter to toggle an output signal every 3 cycles of the input signal

• The output signal will have a frequency of 100/3 = 33.33hz with 50% duty cycle

A MUX is used in an IC to select one of several input signals and pass it to the output.

• MUX stands for Multiplexer

• It is a digital circuit that selects one of several input signals and forwards the selected input to the output

• It is used in ICs for data routing, signal switching, and data selection

• Examples include selecting between different memory banks or selecting between different input sources in a video switcher

Nmap is a powerful network scanning tool used to discover hosts and services on a network.

• Nmap can be used to scan specific hosts or entire networks.

• It provides various scan types such as TCP, UDP, SYN, etc.

• Nmap can detect open ports, running services, and operating systems.

• It offers advanced features like OS fingerprinting, version detection, and script scanning.

• Example: 'nmap -p 1-1000 -sS 192.168.0.1' scans ports 1 to 1000 using TCP SYN scan on host 192.168.0.1.

CMOS diagram of NAND gate is a combination of NMOS and PMOS transistors.

• CMOS NAND gate consists of a series connection of NMOS transistors and a parallel connection of PMOS transistors.

• NMOS transistors are used for the pull-down network while PMOS transistors are used for the pull-up network.

• When both inputs are high, the NMOS transistors conduct and the output is pulled low.

• When either input is low, the corresponding PMOS transistor conducts and the output is pulled high.

Verilog code for counters

• Use always blocks to create synchronous counters

• Use reg data types to store the count values

• Use if statements to implement the counting logic

• Example: module counter (input clk, reset, output reg [3:0] count); always @(posedge clk) begin if (reset) count <= 4'b0000; else count <= count + 1; end endmodule

Burp Suite is a web application security testing tool.

• Burp Suite is used for manual and automated testing of web applications.

• It includes various tools like a proxy, scanner, intruder, repeater, and sequencer.

• The proxy tool allows intercepting and modifying HTTP/S traffic.

• The scanner tool automatically identifies vulnerabilities in web applications.

• The intruder tool can be used for brute-forcing, fuzzing, and payload testing.

• The repeater tool helps in modifying and resending ...read more