Infosys Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Q1. Some deep question on stream API of Java8
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Q2. Two program questions -> Anagram String and find first non repeating character from a string
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Q1. Questions on Product development phases
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Q2. Questions on Agile methodologies
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Q1. How snowflake differs from industry competetors? What is the extra edge?
Ans. 
Snowflake offers a unique architecture that separates storage and compute, providing scalability, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness.
• Snowflake's architecture separates storage and compute, allowing for independent scaling of each component.

• Snowflake uses virtual warehouses to allocate compute resources on-demand, optimizing performance and cost.

• Snowflake's multi-cluster shared data architecture enables seamless collab...read more
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Q2. 3 Sql problem statements with basic problem statement. Concepts like view table, window function, sequence generation, Rank transformation.
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Q3. Difference between time travel and fail safe.
Ans. 
Time travel refers to the ability to query historical data in Snowflake, while fail safe refers to the system's ability to maintain data integrity and availability in case of failures.
• Time travel allows users to query data as it existed at a specific point in the past, using the TIMESTAMP parameter in queries.

• Fail safe mechanisms in Snowflake ensure data integrity and availability by automatically handling system failu...read more
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Q4. Difference between live feed and extract.
Ans. 
Live feed is real-time data while extract is historical data.
• Live feed is data that is constantly updated in real-time.

• Extract is historical data that is extracted at a specific point in time.

• Live feed is commonly used for monitoring real-time events, while extract is used for analysis of past data.

• Examples: Twitter feed is live data, while a monthly sales report is an extract.
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Q5. Difference between Join and data Blending
Ans. 
Join combines data from two or more tables based on a related column, while data blending combines data from different sources without a direct relationship.
• Join is used to combine data from multiple tables based on a common column.

• Data blending is used to combine data from different sources without a direct relationship.

• Join requires a common column to match records, while data blending does not require a common colum...read more
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Q1. What is the difference between static and dynamic calls?
Ans. 
Static calls are resolved at compile time, while dynamic calls are resolved at runtime.
• Static calls are resolved at compile time based on the declared type of the object being called.

• Dynamic calls are resolved at runtime based on the actual type of the object being called.

• Static calls are faster but less flexible, while dynamic calls are slower but more flexible.

• Example: In a static call, the method to be called is det...read more
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Q2. How to get control over job execution?
Ans. 
Control over job execution can be achieved through job scheduling, monitoring, and automation.
• Use job scheduling tools like Control-M or CA Workload Automation to manage job execution.

• Monitor job progress and status using tools like IBM Tivoli Monitoring or Nagios.

• Automate job execution and error handling with scripts or custom programs.

• Implement job dependencies to ensure proper sequencing and execution.

• Set up alerts
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Q3. What is a cursor in the context of databases, and what purposes does it serve?
Ans. 
A cursor in databases is a pointer that allows for traversal and manipulation of query results.
• A cursor is used to retrieve and process individual rows returned by a query.

• It allows for sequential access to query results, enabling operations like fetching, updating, and deleting rows.

• Cursors are commonly used in programming languages like SQL to work with result sets.

• For example, in a banking application, a cursor can ...read more
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Q4. How can null variables be handled in COBOL DB2 programs?
Ans. 
Null variables in COBOL DB2 programs can be handled using NULL indicators and COALESCE function.
• Use NULL indicators to check if a variable is null before processing it.

• Use COALESCE function to replace null values with a default value.

• Handle null variables carefully to avoid runtime errors.
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Q1. What is the waterfall model in software development?
Ans. 
The waterfall model is a linear sequential software development process where progress flows in one direction like a waterfall.
• Involves distinct phases such as requirements, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance.

• Each phase must be completed before moving on to the next phase.

• Changes are difficult to implement once a phase is completed.

• Example: Traditional software development approach where requirements are ...read more
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Q2. What is the Agile framework?
Ans. 
Agile framework is a project management approach that emphasizes flexibility, collaboration, and incremental development.
• Agile framework involves breaking down projects into smaller tasks called sprints

• It promotes frequent communication and collaboration among team members

• Allows for flexibility and adaptability to changes in requirements

• Examples of Agile frameworks include Scrum, Kanban, and Extreme Programming
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Q1. Discussion on CTC, work location and project.
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The exam consists of seven sections, and the cutoff score is quite high; it is essential to complete the exam thoroughly.

Q1. Can you tell me about yourself?
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Q2. Can you provide details about your internship experience?
Ans. 
I completed a 6-month internship at a tech company, where I worked on network infrastructure projects.
• Assisted in setting up and configuring network devices such as routers and switches

• Troubleshooted network issues and implemented solutions

• Collaborated with team members on various IT projects

• Participated in meetings with clients to discuss project requirements
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Q3. Given a puzzle to solve
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Q4. What can you tell me about your major projects?
Ans. 
I have worked on various major projects including designing and implementing network infrastructure, developing automation scripts, and optimizing system performance.
• Designed and implemented a new network infrastructure for a large company, improving network speed and reliability

• Developed automation scripts to streamline system monitoring and maintenance tasks, saving time and reducing errors

• Optimized system performanc...read more
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Q5. What is the latest news you have heard regarding technology?
Ans. 
The latest news I heard regarding technology is the release of the new iPhone 13 with improved camera features.
• Apple recently announced the release of the iPhone 13 series with upgraded camera capabilities.

• The new iPhone 13 models come with improved low-light performance and cinematic mode for videos.

• Apple also introduced the A15 Bionic chip for enhanced performance and battery life.
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There were a total of seven sections: verbal ability, logical reasoning, arithmetic problems, verbal reasoning, puzzles, pseudocodes, and essay writing, with each section having its own cutoff scores.

Q1. What is the SQL query to retrieve the person with the highest salary?
Ans. 
Use SQL query with MAX function to retrieve person with highest salary.
• Use SELECT statement to retrieve data

• Use MAX function to find the highest salary

• Use WHERE clause to filter out the person with highest salary
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Q2. Can you describe the projects you have worked on?
Ans. 
I have worked on projects involving network infrastructure upgrades, cloud migration, and cybersecurity enhancements.
• Upgraded network infrastructure to improve performance and reliability

• Migrated on-premise systems to the cloud for increased scalability and cost savings

• Implemented cybersecurity measures such as firewalls and intrusion detection systems

• Developed disaster recovery plans to ensure business continuity in c
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Q3. Write a query to merge 2 tables?
Ans. 
Merge 2 tables using SQL query
• Use the JOIN keyword to combine rows from both tables based on a related column

• Specify the columns to be selected from each table

• Use different types of joins like INNER JOIN, LEFT JOIN, RIGHT JOIN, or FULL JOIN based on the requirement
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Q4. Tell me about the internship that you have done?
Ans. 
I completed a system engineering internship at XYZ Company, where I worked on designing and implementing network infrastructure.
• Worked on configuring routers and switches

• Assisted in troubleshooting network issues

• Collaborated with team members on project planning and execution
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Q5. Behavioural questions
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Q1. Tell me about yourself. Why do you want to work here? What are your strengths and weaknesses? Why did you leave your previous job (or why are you looking for a new one)? Where do you see yourself in 5 year...read more
Ans. 
I am a passionate software developer with a strong desire to continuously learn and grow in my career.
• I have a solid background in programming languages such as Java, Python, and JavaScript.

• I have experience working on various projects, including developing web applications and mobile apps.

• I am a quick learner and enjoy tackling new challenges in the tech industry.

• I am detail-oriented and strive for excellence in my wo...read more
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Q2. These questions help HR gauge how well you would fit into the company culture and how your experience aligns with the role. It's a good idea to prepare for them with specific examples from your past experi...read more
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Q3. What are your strengths and weaknesses?
Ans. 
My strengths include problem-solving skills and attention to detail. My weaknesses include a tendency to overthink and difficulty delegating tasks.
• Strengths: problem-solving skills, attention to detail

• Weaknesses: tendency to overthink, difficulty delegating tasks
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Q4. What motivates you to perform at your best?
Ans. 
I am motivated to perform at my best by the desire to continuously improve, achieve goals, and make a positive impact.
• Setting challenging goals for myself keeps me motivated to push my limits and strive for excellence.

• Seeing the impact of my work on others, whether it's improving efficiency or solving a problem, drives me to perform at my best.

• Continuous learning and growth in my skills and knowledge motivates me to st...read more
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Any one tell in gd in 5 minutes in english

1. Numerical Reasoning
- Example: "If a car travels 60 km in 1 hour, how long will it take to travel 150 km at the same speed?"

2. **Verbal Reasoning**
- Example: "Which of the following words is most similar in meaning to 'elated'? (a) Sad (b) Happy (c) Angry (d) Tired"

3. **Logical Reasoning**
- Example: "If all cats are animals, and all animals are living beings, are all cats living beings? (True/False)"

4. **Data Interpretation**
- Example: "Given a graph showing sales data over the past 12 months, what was the highest monthly sales figure?"

5. **Pattern Recognition**
- Example: "What comes next in the series: 2, 4, 8, 16, __?"

6. **Mathematical Reasoning**
- Example: "If 3x + 4 = 19, what is the value of x?"

7. **Spatial Reasoning**
- Example: "Which shape is different from the others: Square, Circle, Triangle, Rectangle?"

8. **Time and Work Problems**
- Example: "If A can finish a task in 5 days and B can finish the same task in 10 days, how long will it take for both A and B to complete the task together?"

Tell me about yourself.
Why do you want to work here?
What are your strengths and weaknesses?
Why did you leave your previous job (or why are you looking for a new one)?
Where do you see yourself in 5 years?
Can you describe a time when you faced a challenge at work and how you handled it?
How do you prioritize your tasks?
What motivates you?
How do you handle working under pressure or tight deadlines?
What are your salary expectations?
How do you deal with conflict in the workplace?
Do you prefer working independently or as part of a team?
These questions help HR gauge how well you would fit into the company culture and how your experience aligns with the role. It's a good idea to prepare for them with specific examples from your past experie
The Aptitude test typically includes questions that assess your logical reasoning, problem-solving skills, and ability to think critically. It can cover a wide range of topics depending on the job you're applying for, but here are some common types of questions you might encounter:

Numerical Reasoning

Example: "If a car travels 60 km in 1 hour, how long will it take to travel 150 km at the same speed?"
Verbal Reasoning

Example: "Which of the following words is most similar in meaning to 'elated'? (a) Sad (b) Happy (c) Angry (d) Tired"
Logical Reasoning

Example: "If all cats are animals, and all animals are living beings, are all cats living beings? (True/False)"
Data Interpretation

Example: "Given a graph showing sales data over the past 12 months, what was the highest monthly sales figure?"
Pattern Recognition

Example: "What comes next in the series: 2, 4, 8, 16, __?"
Mathematical Reasoning

Example: "If 3x + 4 = 19, what is the value of x?"
Spatial Reasoning

Example: "Which shape is different from the others: Square, Circle, Triangle, Rectangle?"
Time and Work Problems

Example: "If A can finish a task in 5 days and B can finish the same task in 10 days, how long will it take for both A and B to complete the task together?"
To prepare, it's helpful to practice problems in these areas. Many online platforms offer free aptitude tests to help you improve your skills before the actual test.


Case study
In a case study interview, you'll be given a real-world business problem and asked to analyze the situation and come up with solutions or recommendations. The goal is to evaluate your problem-solving, analytical thinking, and decision-making abilities.

**Coding tests** are commonly used in technical interviews to evaluate your programming skills. These tests usually involve solving algorithmic problems, debugging code, or writing efficient code to handle certain tasks. Here are the general types of coding tests you might encounter:

### 1. **Algorithm and Data Structure Questions:**
These focus on your ability to use algorithms and data structures to solve problems efficiently.
- **Sorting and Searching**
Example: Implement a sorting algorithm like QuickSort or MergeSort, or write a binary search function.
- **Linked Lists**
Example: Reverse a linked list or detect a cycle in a linked list.
- **Trees and Graphs**
Example: Find the height of a binary tree, or perform a breadth-first search (BFS) or depth-first search (DFS) on a graph.
- **Dynamic Programming**
Example: Solve problems like the Fibonacci sequence, the knapsack problem, or longest common subsequence.
- **Recursion**
Example: Write a function that calculates factorials or solves the Towers of Hanoi problem.

### 2. **String Manipulation:**
These problems test your ability to handle and manipulate strings efficiently.
- Example: Write a function to check if a string is a palindrome, or find the longest substring without repeating characters.

### 3. **Mathematical Problems:**
These involve solving problems with mathematical concepts.
- Example: Check if a number is prime, or find the greatest common divisor (GCD) of two numbers.

### 4. **Array and Matrix Problems:**
These involve operations and algorithms on arrays or matrices.
- Example: Rotate a matrix, find the maximum sum subarray (Kadane’s algorithm), or merge two sorted arrays.

### 5. **Problem Solving with Constraints:**
In some cases, you may be given a problem where you need to optimize for time or space complexity.
- Example: Write an algorithm that finds the shortest path in a maze with obstacles, and ensure that it runs in O(n log n) time.

### 6. **Debugging:**
In some coding tests, you might be asked to debug a given piece of code that’s producing errors or incorrect output.

### 7. **Object-Oriented Design:**
These questions test your ability to design systems and classes using object-oriented principles.
- Example: Design a class to represent a library system, or implement a parking lot with multiple types of vehicles.

---

### Tips for Coding Tests:

1. **Understand the Problem:**
- Read the problem statement carefully before jumping into writing code.
- Clarify the input, output, and constraints with the interviewer (if needed).

2. **Plan Your Approach:**
- Before writing code, think about the algorithm you’ll use and the time/space complexity.
- Break down the problem into smaller steps and outline your solution.

3. **Write Clean, Efficient Code:**
- Focus on writing readable and efficient code.
- Optimize your solution to handle edge cases and large input sizes.

4. **Test Your Solution:**
- Test your code with sample inputs, including edge cases (empty input, large numbers, etc.).

5. **Communicate Your Thought Process:**
- As you write your code, explain your approach to the interviewer. This shows your problem-solving process.

### Example Coding Problem:

**Problem:**
Write a function to find the "Nth" Fibonacci number.

**Solution:**
```python
def fibonacci(n):
if n <= 1:
return n
a, b = 0, 1
for i in range(2, n+1):
a, b = b, a + b
return b
```

**Explanation:**
- The Fibonacci sequence starts with 0 and 1, and each subsequent number is the sum of the two preceding ones.
- We use an iterative approach to calculate the Fibonacci number at the nth position.

### Practice Platforms:
To prepare for coding tests, you can practice on the following platforms:
- **LeetCode**
- **HackerRank**
- **CodeSignal**
- **Codewars**
- **Exercism**

These platforms provide a wide variety of problems to improve your coding skills and familiarize yourself with common interview questions.

An **assignment** in the context of a job or academic setting is typically a task or project that you're asked to complete as part of your evaluation. The nature of the assignment will depend on the type of role or course you're involved with. Below are a few types of assignments you might encounter, along with how you can approach them:

### 1. **Technical Assignment (for a tech role)**
If you're applying for a technical position (like software engineering or data science), you might be given a coding or algorithm-based task. This could include:
- **Building a program or web app**: You might be asked to create a simple application, implement an algorithm, or design a feature based on the company’s needs.
- **Data Analysis**: Given a dataset, you may be required to clean, analyze, and extract insights from it using tools like Excel, SQL, Python, or R.
- **Problem-Solving Tasks**: Solve algorithmic problems or complete coding challenges (similar to those in a coding interview).

**Approach:**
- **Understand the requirements**: Read the assignment carefully, understand the scope, and ask any questions if something isn’t clear.
- **Plan your solution**: Break down the task into smaller steps. Plan your code, database queries, or analysis method.
- **Test thoroughly**: Ensure your code or solution works with a variety of inputs, including edge cases.
- **Document your work**: Include comments in your code, and provide a brief explanation of your approach and thought process.

---

### 2. **Business Assignment (for a business role)**
In a business-related position, the assignment could involve:
- **Case Studies**: You may be given a hypothetical business problem, like a company facing challenges in sales or operations. You'll need to analyze the issue, suggest solutions, and present them clearly.
- **Market Research**: Conduct research about an industry or competitors, analyze trends, and compile a report with insights and recommendations.
- **Business Strategy**: Devise a strategy to help a company grow, expand its market, or improve operations.

**Approach:**
- **Identify key issues**: Make sure to fully understand the business problem, and highlight any key challenges.
- **Gather data**: Use relevant data, facts, or market trends to support your arguments.
- **Develop a solution**: Propose actionable solutions with clear reasoning, potential risks, and benefits.
- **Present your findings**: Structure your report or presentation logically, and be ready to defend your solution.

---

### 3. **Design or Creative Assignment**
For roles in design (graphic design, UX/UI, etc.), the assignment may involve:
- **Creating visual designs**: You could be tasked with designing logos, web pages, or app interfaces.
- **Developing a brand concept**: Designing a complete branding package, such as a logo, color scheme, and typography.
- **Wireframing or Prototyping**: Designing a prototype for a mobile or web application.

**Approach:**
- **Understand the brand or problem**: Research the company or product and ensure your design aligns with its values, audience, and goals.
- **Sketch or wireframe first**: Create initial mock-ups or wireframes before jumping into the final design.
- **Seek feedback**: If possible, get feedback from others to improve your design.
- **Present your design**: Provide context on how your design decisions align with the brand or project goals.

---

### 4. **Writing Assignment**
In fields like marketing, journalism, or academia, writing assignments are common. These might include:
- **Content creation**: Write a blog post, article, or social media content.
- **Research paper or essay**: You may be asked to write a research paper, analysis, or essay on a particular topic.
- **Copywriting**: Write persuasive copy for advertisements, websites, or product descriptions.

**Approach:**
- **Research thoroughly**: Understand the topic you're writing about, and gather credible sources or data.
- **Create an outline**: Organize your thoughts logically before writing the full content.
- **Write and revise**: Draft the assignment, then revise it for clarity, conciseness, and flow.
- **Proofread**: Make sure your writing is free of grammar or spelling errors.

---

### General Tips for Completing an Assignment:

- **Time Management**: Plan your time carefully. Break down the assignment into smaller tasks and set deadlines for each task.
- **Quality over Quantity**: Focus on providing a well-thought-out solution rather than rushing to complete a lot of work.
- **Seek Feedback**: If you're unsure about your approach, don't hesitate to ask for feedback from colleagues, peers, or mentors.
- **Polish Your Presentation**: Whether it's a report, code, or design, make sure your final deliverable is polished and easy to understand.

---

Would you like more specific guidance on a particular type of assignment you're working on?

Q1. Write a code for febonacci series
Ans. 
Code to generate Fibonacci series
• Use a loop to generate Fibonacci numbers

• Start with 0 and 1 as the first two numbers

• Add the previous two numbers to get the next number

• Repeat until desired number of Fibonacci numbers are generated
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Q2. Dynamic webElements handling using Xpath?
Ans. 
Dynamic webElements can be handled using Xpath by using relative Xpath expressions to locate elements based on their attributes or position in the DOM.
• Use Xpath expressions to locate webElements based on their attributes such as id, class, name, etc.

• Use Xpath functions like contains(), starts-with(), and text() to locate elements based on their text content.

• Use Xpath axes like following-sibling, preceding-sibling, pare...read more
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Q3. What is spike in agile?
Ans. 
A spike in agile is a time-boxed research or investigation task to gather information or explore potential solutions for a specific problem.
• Spike is a temporary activity to reduce uncertainty or risk in a project.

• It is time-boxed, meaning it has a fixed duration.

• Spike is not a regular user story but a task to gather information or explore solutions.

• Examples of spikes include researching a new technology, exploring a co...read more
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Q4. Difference between agile and waterfall based model?
Ans. 
Agile is iterative and flexible, while waterfall is sequential and rigid.
• Agile focuses on delivering working software in short iterations, while waterfall follows a linear approach with distinct phases.

• Agile allows for changes and adaptations throughout the project, while waterfall requires detailed planning upfront.

• Agile promotes collaboration and communication within teams, while waterfall relies on strict documentat...read more
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Q5. Sprint point system? Explain?
Ans. 
Sprint point system is a method used in Agile project management to measure the amount of work completed in a sprint.
• Sprint points are used to estimate the effort required to complete a task or user story.

• Points are assigned based on complexity, effort, and risk involved in completing the task.

• Common point systems include Fibonacci sequence (1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, etc.) or t-shirt sizes (XS, S, M, L, XL).
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Q6. Payment failure by debit card in e-commerce site? Make test scenarios?
Ans. 
Test scenarios for payment failure by debit card in e-commerce site
• Attempt payment with insufficient funds in the account

• Attempt payment with expired debit card

• Attempt payment with incorrect CVV code

• Attempt payment with incorrect card details

• Attempt payment while the bank's server is down
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