Infosys BPM Accounts Process Executive Interview Questions, Process, and Tips

Accounting is the process of recording, summarizing, analyzing, and reporting financial transactions of a business.

• Recording financial transactions

• Summarizing financial data in financial statements

• Analyzing financial information to make business decisions

• Reporting financial results to stakeholders

• Ensuring compliance with financial regulations

• Examples: preparing balance sheets, income statements, cash flow statements

Rules of accounting are the guidelines and principles that govern the preparation of financial statements.

• Accounting equation must always balance: Assets = Liabilities + Equity

• Revenue recognition principle: Revenue should be recorded when it is earned, not when cash is received

• Matching principle: Expenses should be recorded in the same period as the revenue they help generate

• Conservatism principle: When in doubt, choos...read more

A trial balance is a list of all the general ledger accounts contained in the ledger of a business.

• It is used to ensure that the total debits equal the total credits in the accounting records.

• It helps in detecting errors in the accounting process.

• It is prepared before the financial statements are finalized.

• Example: If the total debits in the trial balance equal the total credits, it means the accounts are balanced.

There are mainly three types of invoices: proforma invoice, commercial invoice, and credit memo.

• Proforma invoice is a preliminary bill of sale sent to buyers in advance of a shipment or delivery of goods.

• Commercial invoice is a formal request for payment sent by the seller to the buyer after the goods have been delivered.

• Credit memo is a document issued by a seller to a buyer, reducing the amount owed by the buyer for

Order to cash is the process of receiving and fulfilling customer orders, invoicing, and receiving payment.

• Order to cash involves receiving customer orders

• Processing the orders

• Invoicing the customer

• Receiving payment for the order

• It is a key process in the accounts receivable cycle

Procure to pay is the process of obtaining goods or services from a vendor, including the steps of requisition, purchase order, receiving, invoice approval, and payment.

• Procure to pay involves the entire process of purchasing goods or services from a vendor.

• It typically includes steps such as requisitioning, creating purchase orders, receiving the goods or services, approving invoices, and making payments.

• The process a...read more

The journal entry for a purchase order involves debiting the inventory account and crediting the accounts payable account.

• Debit the inventory account for the cost of the items purchased

• Credit the accounts payable account for the same amount

• Example: Debit Inventory $1,000, Credit Accounts Payable $1,000

The journal entry for purchase returns involves debiting the accounts payable account and crediting the inventory account.

• Debit the accounts payable account to reduce the amount owed to the supplier

• Credit the inventory account to reduce the inventory on hand

• Example: Debit Accounts Payable $500, Credit Inventory $500

The formula for Personal account is: Personal account = Capital + Liabilities

• Personal account represents the owner's equity in the business

• It includes the owner's investments (capital) and any liabilities owed by the owner to the business

• Formula: Personal account = Capital + Liabilities

• Example: If the owner invests $10,000 in the business and owes $2,000 to the business, the Personal account would be $12,000 ($10,000 +

The formula for Real account is Opening balance + Total debits - Total credits = Closing balance

• Real account represents assets, liabilities, and owner's equity

• Formula: Opening balance + Total debits - Total credits = Closing balance

• Example: If the opening balance of a real account is $10,000 and total debits are $5,000 while total credits are $3,000, the closing balance would be $12,000

The formula for Nominal account is Opening balance + Total income - Total expenses = Closing balance

• Nominal account formula is used to calculate the closing balance of an account

• It is calculated by adding the opening balance to the total income and then subtracting the total expenses

• Formula: Opening balance + Total income - Total expenses = Closing balance

• Example: If the opening balance of a nominal account is $1000, t...read more

Return on investment (ROI) is a financial metric used to evaluate the efficiency or profitability of an investment.

• ROI = (Net Profit / Cost of Investment) x 100

• Net Profit is the total revenue generated from the investment minus the total costs incurred.

• Cost of Investment includes all expenses related to the investment, such as purchase price, maintenance costs, and operating expenses.

• ROI is usually expressed as a perce...read more

The steps in the cash process involve receiving cash, counting and verifying it, recording the transaction, and depositing the cash in the bank.

• Receive cash from customers or clients

• Count and verify the cash to ensure accuracy

• Record the transaction in the accounting system

• Prepare a deposit slip and deposit the cash in the bank

• Reconcile the cash transactions with the accounting records

A sales invoice is a document issued by a seller to a buyer, detailing the products or services sold, the quantity, price, and payment terms.

• Sales invoice is a legal document that serves as proof of a transaction between a seller and a buyer.

• It includes details such as the date of the transaction, invoice number, payment terms, and any applicable taxes.

• The invoice also lists the products or services sold, along with th...read more

A proforma invoice is a preliminary bill of sale sent to buyers in advance of a shipment or delivery of goods.

• Proforma invoices are not considered true invoices because they are not recorded as accounts receivable by the seller or accounts payable by the buyer.

• They are used to provide information to the buyer, including the items being purchased, their cost, and other relevant details.

• Proforma invoices are often used i...read more

A process executive is responsible for overseeing and managing the various processes within a company to ensure efficiency and effectiveness.

• Overseeing and managing various processes within the company

• Ensuring efficiency and effectiveness in the processes

• Identifying areas for improvement and implementing changes

• Monitoring and analyzing process performance

• Collaborating with other team members to streamline processes